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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltam | om kopnalalt |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltat | ot kopnalalt |
| 3SG: | kopnalalteš | ok/ogeš kopnalalt |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kopnalalt |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kopnalalt |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑t | ogə̑t kopnalalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltə̑m | šə̑m kopnalalt |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kopnalalt |
| 3SG: | kopnalalte | ə̑š kopnalalt |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltna | ə̑šna kopnalalt |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltda | ə̑šda kopnalalt |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑č́ | ə̑št kopnalalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltə̑nam | kopnalaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltə̑nat | kopnalaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kopnalaltə̑n | kopnalaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltə̑nna | kopnalaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltə̑nda | kopnalaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑nə̑t | kopnalaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltam ə̑l'e | om kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltat ə̑l'e | ot kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopnalalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltam ulmaš | om kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltat ulmaš | ot kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopnalalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kopnalalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | kopnalaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | kopnalaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopnalaltə̑n ə̑l'e | kopnalaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | kopnalaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | kopnalaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kopnalaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltə̑nam ulmaš | kopnalaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltə̑nat ulmaš | kopnalaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopnalaltə̑n ulmaš | kopnalaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltə̑nna ulmaš | kopnalaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltə̑nda ulmaš | kopnalaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kopnalaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kopnalalt | it kopnalalt |
| 3SG: | kopnalaltše | ə̑nže kopnalalt |
| 1PL: | (kopnalaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kopnalalt) |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltsa | ida kopnalalt |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kopnalalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltnem | ə̑nem kopnalalt |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltnet | ə̑net kopnalalt |
| 3SG: | kopnalaltneže | ə̑než kopnalalt |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltnena | ə̑nena kopnalalt |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltneda | ə̑neda kopnalalt |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltnešt | ə̑nešt kopnalalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kopnalaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kopnalaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kopnalaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kopnalalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kopnalaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kopnalaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kopnalaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kopnalalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kopnalaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kopnalalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kopnalaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kopnalaltman |
| Active participle: | kopnalaltše |
| Passive participle: | kopnalaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kopnalaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | kopnalaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kopnalaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kopnalaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kopnalaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kopnalaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kopnalaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kopnalaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kopnalaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||